Anterior Hip Impingement (Femoroacetabular Impingement or FAI)

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition in which there is abnormal contact between the femoral head (thigh bone) and the acetabulum (hip socket), leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility in the hip joint.

The most common symptoms of hip FAI include:

• Pain in the groin or hip
• Stiffness in the hip, especially in the morning or after sitting
• Decreased range of motion in the hip
• A clicking or grinding sensation in the hip joint
• A decrease in athletic performance

The contributing factors that lead to FAI include:

1. Abnormalities in the shape of the femoral head or acetabulum
2. Tightness in the hip muscles
3. Repetitive stress on the hip joint through high-impact activities or sports
4. Osteoarthritis in the hip joint
5. Structural problems, such as a short femoral neck or an overgrown labrum.

Some exercises that can help alleviate pain from hip FAI include:

1. Gentle range-of-motion exercises for the hip joint
2. Stretching and strengthening exercises for the muscles supporting the hip joint
3. Aquatic therapy or swimming
4. Tai chi or yoga
5. Low-impact aerobic exercise such as cycling or elliptical training

Preventative measures to minimize the progression of hip FAI and avoid surgery include:

1. Core stability and control of the lower extremities and back are essential to maximizing pelvic control that allows to maximal joint space and minimal pinching at the front of the hip
2. Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the hip joint
3. Regular exercise to maintain flexibility and strength in the hip joint
4. Staying active and participating in low-impact activities
5. Avoiding high-impact activities or sports that place excessive stress on the hip joint
6. Incorporating anti-inflammatory foods into your diet and avoiding foods that may contribute to inflammation.

The best 5 rehabilitation exercises to correct hip FAI include:

1. Hip strengthening exercises, such as bridges, clamshells, and fire hydrants
2. Dynamic stretching exercises to improve flexibility and mobility
3. Balance and stability exercises, such as single-leg squats and balance boards
4. Corrective exercises to improve core and pelvic stability while maintaining optimal posture and alignment
5. Progressively more intense activities to increase strength and build endurance.

It is always important to consult with a doctor before starting any new exercise or treatment program for hip FAI.